Spousal sponsorship allows Canadian citizens or permanent residents to sponsor their spouse or common-law partner for permanent residence. The applicant must prove the genuineness of their relationship and meet health and security requirements. Sponsors must demonstrate the financial ability to support their partner without social assistance. The application process includes submitting forms, supporting documents, and undergoing medical and criminal checks. Successful applicants can join their spouse in Canada, either from abroad or if already residing in the country.